Análisis funcional de industrias líticas del pleistoceno superior. El paleolítico medio del Abric Romaní (Capellades, Barcelona)y el paleolítico superior de üçagizli (Hatay,Turquia) y el molí de salt (Vimbodí, Tarragona). Cambios en los patrones funcio

Identificador:  TDX:395

Handle: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11797/TDX395

Autors:  Martínez Molina, Kenneth

Resum:
This research corresponds to a functional analysis of three lithic toll simples from the Upper Pleistocene: from the Middle Pelolithic site of the Abric Romaní (Capellades, Barcelona), the Initial Upper Paleolithic of Üçagizli (Hatay, Turquía) and the Late Upper Pelolithic of the Molí del Salt (Vimbodí, Tarragona).<br/><br/>We want to explain the functionality of lithic production in the Abric Romaní and compare it with the functionality of the two Upper Paleolithic sites. The aim is to study the technology of Middle Paleolithic communities and its social structure. The others two sites are the comparative sample for finding out the technological and social changes that came from the Upper Paleolithic. With this comparison we wish to participate in the debate on the historical changes that finished with the development of the Upper Paleolithic and the spread of Homo sapiens. Also, we wish to check if this change was gradual or abrupt and if it is possible that this change came from Middle Paleolithic communities like those from the Abric Romaní.<br/><br/>This study is a research on hominid social development during the Upper Pleistocene and for that I use the micro-wear methodology. The interpretation of use-wears from the archeological tools permit to recognize the actions and the worked materials. When we identify a relation between use and edge or tool morphology we recognize functional models. These models can be specialized or versatile ones. We consider the specialization as criteria for interpret higher technological developed societies and with higher material necessities. In this way, using functional analysis. I want to approach to the capacity of production and economical organization of the Upper Pleistocene communities.<br/><br/>Firstly, I have carried out a methodological research to propose a model of the mechanisms that develop the different traces that we use to interpret the function of tools. As references we take theoretical models from the structural geology and our experimentation point out that in the polish formation participates as well physical mechanisms as chemical ones of plastic deformation.<br/><br/>The archeological results of use-wear analysis point that during the Middle Paleolithic the functional models were versatile and flexible. The acute edges of flakes and medium edges of denticulate tools were used in the same actions and for working the same materials. However, the percentages show a kin of dual functionality, because flakes were used basically to butchery activities and denticulates were used to butchery and also for scraping fresh hide. On the other hand, during the Upper Pelolithic of Üçagizli and the Molí del Salt I have recognized a clear change with respect to the Abric Romaní. There are new functional models, they are more specialized and there are an increase of use intensity of tools. Then, it seems that during Upper Paleolithic there were new necessities or an increase of these necessities that forced to Pleistocene communities to develop their capacity of production and social structure.