Repositori URV

Identificador: TDX:774

Handle: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11797/TDX774

Autors:
Fontanals Torroja, Núria

Resum:
The presence of pollutants and their monitoring in water is one of the most active research topics in environmental surroundings. In the methods to determine these pollutants it is necessary to include a pre-treatment technique in order to achieve the as low detection limits as the legislation requires. Among the different techniques, solid phase extraction (SPE) is the most widely applied pre-treatment technique due to its advantages and versatility. In SPE, the type of sorbent is one of the main research fields, because the sorbents developed so far (silica-based, carbon or conventional polymeric) present some limitations, mainly concerning to the concentration of polar compounds.In the present Doctoral Thesis we developed five series of sorbents, which combine properly the properties of polymeric sorbents with polarity and high specific surface area. These properties make the sorbents suitable for the extraction of polar compounds from aqueous samples. The first series of sorbents synthesized are copolymers from a polar monomer, which property is translated into the resulting resin, and a crosslinking agent, which contribute in the increase of the specific surface area. These sorbents are macroporous resins of 4-vinylpyridine-divinylbenzene (4VP-DVB), N-vinylimidazole-divinylbenzene (NVIm-DVB) and 4-vinylimidazole-divinylbenzene (4VIm-DVB), and also a hydrophobic resin of styrene-divinylbenzene (St-DVB).All these resins were prepared by suspension polymerization. The optimal conditions in the procedure were achieved by progressively modifying the initial ratio of monomers, and also the different parameters (mixture of porogens, type of initiator, temperature, etc.) that affect in the suspension polymerization. Finally, we obtained a sorbent from each series that cont