Identifier: TDX:2475
Authors: Zaragoza Jordana, Marta
Abstract:
Background: Micronutrients are essential for development. The objective of dietary intake evaluation is determining the adequacy to nutritional recommendations. Suboptimal intakes for calcium, iron, zinc, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, folate and vitamin D have been previously described across Europe. No studies have assessed micronutrients intake of children from different European countries using the same methodology. Calcium intake influence on bone mass density (BMD) has been described in adults and children. Bone poor mineralization drives to osteoporosis, which might be prevented from childhood.
Aim: To describe micronutrients intake and adequacy to dietary recommendations of European children during childhood. To analyse the relation between calcium intake and BMD.
Methods: Prospective observational study secondary to the European Childhood Obesity Project (EU CHOP). Dietary intake was collected periodically with 3-day food records. Micronutrients adequacy was calculated following the American Institute of Medicine guidelines. At 7 years, BMD was measured by Dual-energy X-Ray Absorptiometry in a subsample of participants.
Results: EU CHOP study recruited 1679 children at birth. Intake data was available for 904 children at 3 months, decreasing to 396 at 8 years. BMD was measured in 179 children. Sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, magnesium, iodine, vitaminB12, folate, vitamin A and vitamin D intakes were described at 7 time-points. Calcium, iron and zinc showed prevalence of adequacy between 60 and 90%; and folate, iodine and vitamin D under 20%. Maintained high probability of calcium adequacy improved BMD at 7 years and reduced more than 12 fold osteopenia risk.
Conclusions: Calcium, iron, zinc, folate, iodine and vitamin D intakes were inadequate within European children. Maintained high probability of calcium adequacy improves lumbar and whole body BMD at 7 years and reduces osteopenia risk.
Repositori URV