Identificador: TDX:3126
Autores: Villalobos Martinez, Marcela
Resumen:
Introduction. Knowing the prevalence of deficit of vitamin-D in pregnant women and its risk factors will allow to realize preventive strategies, avoiding the consequences on the health of children. Objective. To assess the prevalence of deficit of vitamin-D in pregnant, the risk factors associated with hypovitaminosis and its consequences on children. Methodology. This thesis consists of: 1) Longitudinal community study with original data: 793 women >18 years, ≤12 weeks of gestation. Maternal variables: Clinical and obstetric history, anthropometry, lifestyle, diet and biochemical parameters (serum 25(OH)D and ferritin). Child variables: clinical history, anthropometry, preterm, lactation and neurodevelopment; 2) Systematic review and meta-analysis: maternal vitamin-D and child development; and 3) Systematic review: maternal vitamin-D and child neurodevelopment. Results. The prevalence of deficiency (<30nmol/L) and insufficiency (30-50nmol/L) of vitamin-D were 50.2% and 30.3% in the first trimester of pregnancy. Associated factors: Arab/dark skinned ethnic group, overweight, consume less milk, extract vitamin-D in winter–spring, low socioeconomic status and low physical activity. Maternal vitamin-D levels were not related to anthropometry or frequency of preterm delivery. The meta–analysis did not show a relationship with weight, height or head circumference at birth in women with insufficiency, although it showed an association with a highest percentage of small-for-gestational-age children in deficient women. At higher levels of vitamin-D in the first trimester and in children, greater mental development 40 days after birth, as in the meta-analysis. The higher the level of vitamin-D, in the first and third trimesters, the better language development; and higher vitamin-D in the third trimester, greater motor development, regardless of gestational age and smoking. There was no relationship with vitamin-D levels in the first trimester, as in the meta-analysis. Conclusions: High prevalence of vitamin-D deficiency and insufficiency in pregnant women and several risk factors. The deficiency harms the neurodevelopment of the child.
Repositori URV