Relation between the diet and the lifestyle as a modificable risk factors and the incidence of colorectal cancer

Identifier:  TFG:849

Handle: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11797/TFG849

Authors:  Costa Ruiz, Rebeca

Abstract:
1 ABSTRACT Currently, cancer is the second cause of death in the developed countries after cardiovascular diseases. Specifically, colorectal cancer is one of the most common neoplasms globally, and 70-80% of the cases are caused by environmental factors such as the lifestyle and the diet. OBJECTIVE: to make a bibliographic search about the potential relation between the diet and the lifestyle as modifiable risk factors and the incidence of colorectal cancer. METHODOLOGY: a bibliographic research has been made in the Cuiden, Dialnet, and Pubmed databases, as well as in the Google Academic browser and the manual search. Inclusion criteria such as the free access to the full text, the publication date in the last 10 years, the elaboration in English or Spanish and studies carried out on adults have been taken into account. RESULTS AND ANALISIS OF THE ESSAYS: 23 essays were selected out of 816 that were found. Both the diet and the lifestyle are related to the colorectal cancer. Specifically, red and processed meat, fat, carbohydrates, alcohol and tobacco, and obesity are related to a bigger risk of having colorectal cancer. On the other hand, eating fruits, vegetables, and fibre, and practising exercise regularly can lead to a protective effect that reduces the risk of having this cancer. CONCLUSION: diet and lifestyle can increase or reduce the risk of having colorectal cancer. Nursing has a very important role in primary prevention, because modifying all these risk factors and being educated about this cancer can reduce the cases of colorectal cancer. KEY WORD: "colorectal cancer", "diet", "diet influency", "colorectal neoplasms", "nutrition", "lifestyles", and "primary prevention".