Identifier: TFG:2824
Authors: Rubio Mayo, Leire
Abstract:
ABSTRACT Background: Organ transplantation is the common treatment applied in diseases in which organ functionality gets reduced or even stopped, resulting in an organ failure incompatible with life. Multidisciplinary research works, medical science and technological developments have led to advances in the field, which have increased the quality of life and survival rates of transplant patients. Aim: To identify nursing care interventions for solid organ transplant patients, and to determine the impact health education has on this kind of patients. More specifically, whether it promotes adherence to the treatment, improves quality of life and decreases morbidity and mortality. Methodology: Systematic review of related scientific literature using biomedical and nursing databases such as Medline (Pubmed), Scielo, Cinhal (EBSCO) and Dialnet. Results: A total of 16 scientific articles were included in the analysis, which indicate health education is the cornerstone of the therapeutic regime due its effectiveness. This health education must be individualized and addressed to the patient's self-management. The main modifiable factors that influence the adherence to the therapeutic regime are educational problems and deficiencies, family support, and awareness of hygienic and dietary habits. Life quality is perceived as satisfactory, although anxiety and depression are common. Conclusions: Nursing is a key element in an organ transplantation multidisciplinary team. Nursing main interventions during the post-transplant period consist on patient follow-up and promote patient's self-care. Health education is an essential intervention to promote adherence to treatment, improve quality of life and reduce the morbidity and mortality of these patients. Key words: Nursing, transplant patients, transplantation, health education, treatment adherence and therapeutic relationship.
Repositori URV